『保健医療科学』 2023 第72巻 第2号 p.143-151（2023年5月）
＜資料＞ 勤労者における「漸進的使命感尺度」を用いた面接技法と面接過程 ―フォーカシング的面接とポジティブ心理学の観点から―
山口文子
福岡大学臨床心理センター
Techniques and processes for interviewing workers using the “Expanded Sense of Mission Scale”: Perspectives from focusing interviews and positive psychology
YAMAGUCHI Fumiko
Fukuoka University Clinical Psychology Center
抄録
目的：勤労者のメンタルヘルスや仕事に対する肯定的な認知に有用な手段として，漸進的使命感尺度を用いた面接技法と面接過程を明らかにする．
方法：正規雇用の勤労者を対象に調査的面接法を行い，24名の面接結果を質的記述的に分析した．面接では漸進的使命感尺度結果を提示し，自己解釈と仕事の意味づけを確認した．分析は，⑴逐語録から面接技法を表す記述を抽出し類似性から分類整理しカテゴリーとした．⑵面接技法のカテゴリーを時系列に整理し，フェーズ毎に用いる面接技法を分類し面接過程として示した．
結果：⑴面接技法として【協働関係の構築】【面接の構造化と方向づけ】【漸進的使命感尺度の解釈と自己認知の確認】【仕事の意味づけの最適化】【ストレングス視点とポジティブ・フィードバック】【ライフストーリー化と体験のリフレーミング】の 6 つが抽出された．⑵ 4 段階の面接過程（心理的安全な関係づくり，面接構造と仕事の意味づけの共有，漸進的使命感尺度の提示と解釈，ライフストーリー化と体験のリフレーミング）と各フェーズで用いられる面接技法が整理された．
結論：漸進的使命感尺度を用いた面接技法と面接過程を提示した．この面接は，面接者と対象者の協働関係を基盤とし，漸進的使命感尺度という客観的指標を用いて，対象者の仕事の意味づけや新たな自己像の構築を促進するものであると考えられた．
キーワード：漸進的使命感，漸進的使命感尺度，ポジティブ心理学，仕事の意味づけ，面接技法
Abstract
Objective: This study clarifies the interview technique and process using the Expanded Sense of MissionScale as a useful means for workersʼ mental health and positive perceptions towards their jobs.
Methods: The study used an exploratory interview method with full-time workers, 24 of whom were inductively analyzed using a qualitative methodology. In the interview, the results of the Expanded Sense of Mission Scale were presented, and self-interpretation and meaning of work were confirmed. The analysis involved 1) extracting descriptions representing interview techniques from a word-for-word syllabus, sorting them according to their similarities, and making them into categories. 2) The categories of interview techniques were arranged in chronological order, and the interview techniques used for each phase were classified and shown as part of the interview process.
Results: 1) Six interview techniques were identified: building collaborative relationships, structuring and orienting the interview, interpreting the Expanded Sense of Mission Scale and confirming self-perception, optimizing meaning-making at work, focusing on strengths and positive feedback; and life storytelling and reframing of experience. 2) A four-step interview process and the interview techniques used were obtained: creating a psychologically safe relationship; connecting the interview structure with meaning-making at work; presenting and interpreting the Expanded Sense of Mission Scale; and life storytelling and reframing of experience.
Conclusion: The paper discusses these interview techniques and processes using the Expanded Sense of Mission Scale. This interview is based on the collaborative relationship between interviewers and participants, uses an objective index called an Expanded Sense of Mission Scale, and promotes participantsʼ construction of a new self-image and perceptions of their jobs.
keywords: Expanding Sense of Mission, Expanded Sense of Mission Scale, Positive Psychology, meaning-making at work, interviewing technique